"[F]ilm and criticism re-united"? MAGNIFYING MIRROR
Video by Catherine Grant, based on text and narration by Andrew Klevan
Film Studies For Free proudly presents an entry on the wonderful work of American actress Barbara Stanwyck as well as on film performance studies more generally. Stanwyck's illustrious career began in the 1920s and spanned sixty years. During that period she starred in major films of many genres and worked with some of the most distinguished Hollywood directors. Writing on her work may provide, therefore, an excellent, indeed exemplary case for reflection on film critical methodologies in performance studies.
As well as the usual links to online scholarly work on these topics (scroll down for those), the entry presents, below, an interview with Andrew Klevan, Lecturer in Film Studies at the University of Oxford. Klevan discusses the rationale behind his recent book on Hollywood film star Barbara Stanwyck (London: BFI/Palgrave, 2013). He also talks about some of the issues that arise when film performance is the object of study, around intention and attribution of agency and value.
During the interview, which took place in October this year, Klevan read aloud an excerpt from his book, a reading which inspired, and formed the narration of, the above FSFF video on Stanwyck, MAGNIFYING MIRROR. Klevan also wrote a short statement about the video and about his collaboration with FSFF more generally, which you can also find below.
A Note by Andrew Klevan
I am grateful to Film Studies For Free for highlighting my work, and I hope the expression of some nervousness will not be taken as ungracious. The problem of enlarging on rationale and method as I do in the interview is that, aside from risking accusations of self-importance and self-promotion, by simply stating matters which should, perhaps, remain implicit, one overstates the case, and raises expectations, especially with regard to, what we affectionately call, little books. My answers, drawing out many of the things I tried to do, may create the incorrect impression that the Barbara Stanwyck study is comprehensive and voluminous. (Even the use of expressions such as ‘moment-by-moment’ or ‘movement of meaning’ might suggest an exhaustive sequential tracking.) In fact, one of the compositional aims was to try, using the short form of the little book, to achieve a balance between elaboration and concentration, extraction and distillation. This partly reflects a similar balance achieved in the films and performances, and Catherine Grant’s fascinating video riff, ‘Magnifying Mirror’, which matches the film to my pre-existing text, captures some of this by looping a sequence and in doing so emphasises the moment’s compactness by way of repetition.
I am conscious that [fellow film scholar] E.A. Kaplan is a casualty, and it appears as if her comment on Stella Dallas is singled out where actually quite a few accounts are tested in the course of the study and the isolation is a consequence of uprooting. It is true that I take issue with her assessment, but this is a difference over an interpretation, not a charge against her work more generally, or the value of it. I feel that her account reduces, and overlooks an achievement of the film, but this is something that we are all prone to do. Indeed, much nervousness on my part again as the film returns, insistently, to probe my own description and interpretation – alas too late to make adjustments – but also some satisfaction as film and criticism are reunited. This image/speech track relationship struck me as quite different to a DVD commentary (which is limited by the real time of the film) and the narration of audio-visual criticism (which is conceived in relation to the handling of images). I got the sense of a new form of criticism, using audio-visual material, happily meeting an old form of criticism, using words, and not simply exemplifying the ‘close reading’, but enhancing and interrogating, and more generally revivifying (and magnifying). The iteration in Catherine’s video productively interacts with the distension of written representation. The collaboration with FSFF has illuminated for me the stimulating relationship between commentaries in different forms so that the book gets commented upon in an audio interview and in a video film which in turn gets commented upon in this web statement, allowing the different media to differently elucidate.
Andrew Klevan is Lecturer in Film Studies at the University of Oxford, UK. He is author of Disclosure of the Everyday: Undramatic Achievement in Narrative Film and Film Performance: From Achievement to Appreciation. He is the co-editor of The Language and Style of Film Criticism, and is on the editorial boards of MOVIE - A Journal of Film Criticism and Film-Philosophy Journal]
On Barbara Stanwyck
- Linda Berkvens, No Crinoline-Covered Lady: Stardom, Agency, and the Career of Barbara Stanwyck, DPhil Thesis, University of Sussex, 2011
- Linda Berkvens, 'From Below to Above the Title: The Construction of the Star Image of Barbara Stanwyck, 1930-1935', Networking Knowledge: Journal of the MeCCSA Postgraduate Network, Vol 2, No 1 (2009)
- Maria DiBattista, 'Fast-Talking Dames, New York Times: Books, 2001
- Gary Johnson, 'Barbara Stanwyck, With her Hands on her Hips', Images Journal, Issue 1
- Glenn Kenny, 'A Woman's Equipment: Barbara Stanwyck's Anklet in DOUBLE INDEMNITY', Balder and Dash, October 14, 2013
- Andrew Klevan, sample chapters from Barbara Stanwyck (London: BFI/Palgrave, 2013)
- Andrew Klevan, 'A Reply to Adrian Martin', Undercurrent, Issue 4, 2008
- Michelle Orange, 'Review of A Life of Barbara Stanwyck: Steel-True, 1907-1940 by Victoria Wilson. Simon & Schuster', Slate, November 8, 2013
- V.F. Perkins, 'Acting on Objects', The Cine-Files, Issue 4, 2013
- Catherine Russell, 'Frank Capra: The Early Collection', Cineaste, 38.3, 2013
- Christopher Sharrett, 'Douglas Sirk's There's Always Tomorrow', Cineaste, 35.4, 2010
- Imogen Sara Smith, 'Passing the Test: On Repetition, Performance, and the Greatness of Howard Hawks', Moving Image Source, September 4, 2013
- Suzanna Danuta Walters, 'My Heart Belongs to Mama: Stella Dallas and the Politics of Class', in Lives Together/Worlds Apart: Mothers and Daughters in Popular Culture. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1992
- Victoria Wilson, author of Barbara Stanwyck Steel-True 1907-1940 interviewed by Warner Archive Podcast, November 7th, 2013
- 'An Interview with Victoria Wilson, Author of A LIFE OF BARBARA STANWYCK: STEEL-TRUE (1907-1940)', Backlots, October 24, 2013
- Nicole Brenez, 'Incomparable Bodies', Screening the Past, 31, 2011
- Dan Callahan, 'Fatal Instincts: The Dangerous Pout of Gloria Grahame." Bright Lights Film Journal, Issue 61, August 2008
- Charles Chaplin Conference Proceedings, BFI, July 2005
- Anna Dzenis, 'On Film Performance', Screening the Past, 20, 2006
- Julie Grossman, Rethinking the Femme Fatale in Film Noir: Ready for Her Close-Up (London: Palgrave/BFI, 2009) Book info.
- Kylo-Patrick R. Hart, 'Introduction', Film and Television Stardom, ed by K-P R Hart (Newcastle Upon Tyne: Cambridge Scholars Publishing, 2008)
- Susan Hayward, 'Stardom: Beyond Desire?' in History of Stardom Reconsidered, edited by Kari Kallioniemi, Kimi Kärki, Janne Mäkelä and Hannu Salmi. Turku: International Institute for Popular Culture, 2007
- Tamar Jeffers, "Should I surrender?": performing and interrogating female virginity in Hollywood films 1957-64', PhD thesis, University of Warwick
- 'Jerry Lewis Dossier' in La Furia Umana, Issue 12 - currently offline but will be back soon
- Christian Keathley, 'The Man in the Back Seat', The Cine-Files, Issue 4, 2013
- Andrew Klevan, 'A Reply to Adrian Martin', Undercurrent, Issue 4, 2008
- Andrew Klevan, 'Expressing the In-Between', LOLA, Issue 1, 2011
- Andrew Klevan, Disclosure of the everyday : the undramatic achievements in narrative film, PhD Thesis, University of Warwick, 1996
- Victoria Lowe, 'Performing Hitchcock': Robert Donat, Film Acting and The 39 Steps (1935)', Scope, Issue 14, June 2009
- Jean Ma, 'Close Reading: The Mise-en-scène of Song Performance', The Cine-Files, Issue 4, 2013
- Adrian Martin, 'Secret Agents [Review of Andrew Klevan, Film Performance: From Achievement to Appreciation], Undercurrent, Issue 4, 2008
- Adrian Martin, 'Hands Across the Table', The Cine-Files, Issue 4, 2013
- Adrian Martin, 'At Table: The Social Mise en scène of How Green Was My Valley', Undercurrent, no. 5, 2009
- Steve Masters, 'Review of Film Performance: From Achievement to Appreciation by Andrew Klevan', Scope, Issue 9, October 2007
- Daniel Morgan, 'Max Ophuls and the Limits of Virtuosity: On the Aesthetics and Ethics of Camera Movement, Critical Inquiry, Autumn 2011
- Warwick Mules, ''Mise-en-scène and the Figural: A Reading of Terrence Malick’s Tree of Life'', The Cine-Files, Issue 4, 2013
- Rebecca Claire Naughten, Spain Made Flesh: Reflections and projections of the national in contemporary Spanish stardom, 1992-2007, PhD Thesis, University of Newcastle, 2010
- V.F. Perkins, 'Acting on Objects', The Cine-Files, Issue 4, 2013
- V.F. Perkins, 'Moments of Choice', Rouge, no. 9, 2006
- V.F. Perkins, 'Same Tune Again! Repetition and Framing in Letter from an Unknown Woman' (originally published in CineAction! no. 52), 16:9, September 2003
- VI Pudovkin, Film Technique And Film Acting, Grove Press Inc, 1958
- Laura Sava, 'Théâtre du Soleil Meets the Cinema: Acting and Mask Work in Ariane Mnouchkine’s Molière', Screening the Past, Issue 31, 2011
- Imogen Sara Smith, 'Passing the Test: On Repetition, Performance, and the Greatness of Howard Hawks', Moving Image Source, September 4, 2013
- Joerg Sternagel, 'From Inside Us: Experiencing the Film Actor in Michael Haneke's Caché', Film International #39, vol. 7, no. 3
- Yvonne Tasker, Spectacular bodies: gender, genre and the action cinema, PhD Thesis, University of Warwick, 1995
- Sarah Thomas, Face-maker : the negotiation between screen performance, extra-filmic persona and conditions of employment within the career of Peter Lorre, PhD Thesis, University of Warwick, 2008
- Dolores Tierney, 'Latino Acting on Screen: Pedro Armendariz Performs Mexicanness in Three John Ford Movies', Revista Candiense de Estudios Hispanicos 37.1, 2012
